A few things I've learned to value after shipping products across medtech, consumer hardware, and defence.
Start physical early
I prototype as soon as possible — foam, 3D prints, soft tooling — because CAD only tells part of the story.
Design for the factory
I spend a lot of time thinking about draft angles, tolerances, and how a part will be moulded, machined, or assembled.
Validate with numbers
FEA and tolerance stacks help me sleep at night, but I always try to back them up with real testing.
Regulatory as a design tool
ISO 14971, FDA design controls, and IEC 60601 aren't checkboxes — they shape how safe products get built.
Talk to suppliers often
Some of my best design feedback has come from mould shops and machinists who know what actually works.
Write it down
Good documentation is how a design survives hand-off. I try to leave things clearer than I found them.